HTML Basic Introduction

Introduction To HTML

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) uses a markup system composed of elements which represent specific content. Markup means that with HTML you declare what is presented to a viewer, not how it is presented.

HTML is not a programming language because it has no logic, so is a markup language. HTML tags provide semantic meaning and machine-readability to the content in the page.

An element usually consists of an opening tag (<element_name>), a closing tag (</element_name>), which contain the element's name surrounded by angle brackets, and the content in between:

<element_name>...content...</element_name>

There are some HTML elements that don't have a closing tag or any contents. These are called void elements. Void elements include <img>, <meta>, <link> and <input>.

Element names can be thought of as descriptive keywords for the content they contain, such as video, audio,table, footer.

A HTML page may consist of potentially hundreds of elements which are then read by a web browser, interpreted and rendered into human readable or audible content on the screen.

For this document it is important to note the difference between elements and tags:

Elements: video, audio, table, footer

Tags: <video>, <audio>, <table>, <footer>, </html>, </body>

Creating a simple page:

The following HTML example creates a simple "Hello World" web page.

HTML files can be created using any text editor. The files must be saved with a .html or .htm[2] extension in order

to be recognized as HTML files.

Once created, this file can be opened in any web browser.

<!DOCTYPE html>

<head>

<title>Hello!</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>Hello World!</h1>

<p>This is a simple paragraph.</p>

</body>

</html>

Tag Meaning:

<!DOCTYPE>: Defines the HTML version used in the document. In this case it is HTML5.

<html>: Opens the page. No markup should come after the closing tag (</html>). The lang attribute declares the primary language of the page using the ISO language codes (en for English).

<head>: Opens the head section, which does not appear in the main browser window but mainly contains information about the HTML document, called metadata. It can also contain imports from external stylesheets and scripts. The closing tag is </head>.

<meta>: Gives the browser some metadata about the document. The charset attribute declares the character encoding. Modern HTML documents should always use UTF-8, even though it is not a requirement. In HTML, the <meta> tag does not require a closing tag.

<title>: The title of the page. Text written between this opening and the closing tag (</title>) will be displayed on the tab of the page or in the title bar of the browser.

<body>: Opens the part of the document displayed to users, i.e. all the visible or audible content of a page. No content should be added after the closing tag </body>.

History Of HTML

Originally, HTML was developed with the intent of defining the structure of document like heading ,paragraphs, list and So forth to facilitate the sharing of scientific information between researchers.
But now HTML is being widely used to format web pages with the help of different tags available in HTML language.
HTML was developed by World Wide Web Consortium [W3C].
The first version of html was written by : Tim Berners-Lee in Year 1993.

Versions Of HTML

Tech Era

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